‘Productive Safety Nets for Women in Extreme Poverty’
This paper focuses upon two Graduation Programme implementations – one by Trickle Up in West Bengal, India, and the other by Orangi Charitable Trust (OCT) in Sindh, Pakistan. We use the ‘critical moments’ framework developed in Kabeer (2008) to understand the conceptualisation of this project in response to a particular set of constraints (and opportunities), its translation into a concrete set of proposals for action, the implementation of these proposals, the monitoring and evaluation of the process of implementation, and finally, the utilisation of the lessons thus learnt. As a part of this process, we explain the way in which individual participants’ have experienced the Graduation programme – the extent to which they benefited, the extent to which it is not so clear, and the multitude of factors behind these dynamics.
